What does mtDNA mean in Ocean Science?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand mtDNA in the Academic & Science field in general and in the Ocean Science terminology in particular.
Mitochondrial DeoxyriboNucleic Acid
Submitted by Greying_Geezer on February 23, 2013
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Definition
What does mtDNA mean?
- mtdna
- Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondrial DNA is only a small portion of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell; most of the DNA can be found in the cell nucleus and, in plants and algae, also in plastids such as chloroplasts. Human mitochondrial DNA was the first significant part of the human genome to be sequenced. This sequencing revealed that the human mtDNA includes 16,569 base pairs and encodes 13 proteins. Since animal mtDNA evolves faster than nuclear genetic markers, it represents a mainstay of phylogenetics and evolutionary biology. It also permits an examination of the relatedness of populations, and so has become important in anthropology and biogeography.
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"mtDNA." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2024. Web. 23 May 2024. <https://www.abbreviations.com/term/44370>.
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